backend/docker

docker compose 기초 사용법

seul chan 2017. 12. 21. 11:23

Docker compose 기초

  • 컨테이너들 간의 관계 설정
  • easy-to-read 파일로 세팅해서 container를 run하기 위해서
  • one-liner startup을 위해서
  • 2 가지로 구성
    1. YAML: container, network, volume에 관련한 옵션
    2. CLI tools (docker-compose)

docker-compose.yml

  • YAML 포멧 버전: 1, 2, 2.1, 3, 3.1 - first line
  • docker-compose 코멘드로 쉽게 사용
  • 기본 포멧
version: '3.1'

service:
	servicename:
		image: # optional
		command: # optional
		environment: # optional
		volumes # optional
	servicename2: # if have second service...
volumes: # optional

network: # optional

docker-compose.yml 예시

version: '2'

# same as
# docker run -p 80:4000 -v $(pwd):/site bretfisher/jekyll-serve

services:
	jekyll:
		image: bretfisher/jekyll-serve
		volume: 
			- .:/site
		port:
			- '80:4000'

docker command에서 -p, -v 등으로 사용한 명령어들은 기본적으로 -(dash)를 포함해서 사용 만약 key, value 형태로 사용하고 싶으면 dash 없이. (아래 예시)

wordpress 예시 (wordpress server + db server)

version: '2'

services:
	wordpress:
		image: wordpress
		ports:
			- 8000:80
		environment:
			# key: value 형태로
			WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: example
			# - 사용해서 command 형태로 사용
			- WORDPRESS_DB_NAME=example

docker-compose CLI

  • Docker for windows/mac, download for Linux
  • production level에서 사용하는 tool은 아님 - local dev, test 환경에서
  • 가장 많이 사용하는 command
    1. docker-compose up # setup volumes/networks, start all containers
    2. docker-compose down # stop all containers, remove cont/vol/net
  • .yaml을 가진 github project를 clone 한다음 docker-dompose up 해보기 가능

run sample nginx server

nginx.conf file

server {

	listen 80;

	location / {

		proxy_pass         http://web;
		proxy_redirect     off;
		proxy_set_header   Host $host;
		proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
		proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
		proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;

	}
}

docker-compose.yml file

version: '3'

services:
  proxy:
    image: nginx:1.13 # this will use the latest version of 1.11.x
    ports:
      - '80:80' # expose 80 on host and sent to 80 in container
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
  web:
    image: httpd  # this will use httpd:latest

docker-compose CLI

$docker-compose up
Attaching to composesample2_web_1, composesample2_proxy_1

web_1    | AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.20.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
web_1    | AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.20.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
web_1    | [Wed Dec 20 02:39:49.356840 2017] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 140596108134272] AH00489: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
web_1    | [Wed Dec 20 02:39:49.359227 2017] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 140596108134272] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'
web_1    | 172.20.0.3 - - [20/Dec/2017:02:41:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 200 45
proxy_1  | 172.20.0.1 - - [20/Dec/2017:02:41:05 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 45 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/603.3.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.1.2 Safari/603.3.8" "-"
web_1    | 172.20.0.3 - - [20/Dec/2017:02:41:05 +0000] "GET /apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png HTTP/1.0" 404 230
proxy_1  | 172.20.0.1 - - [20/Dec/2017:02:41:05 +0000] "GET /apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png HTTP/1.1" 404 230 "-" "Safari/12603.3.8 CFNetwork/811.5.4 Darwin/16.7.0 (x86_64)" "-"
web_1    | 172.20.0.3 - - [20/Dec/2017:02:41:05 +0000] "GET /apple-touch-icon.png HTTP/1.0" 404 218

=> web_1, proxy_1 이 다른 색상 (랜덤으로 표시)으로 표기되는 것을 볼 수 있다. 개발 중에는 -d를 사용하지 않고 이렇게 보면서 사용 가능

docker-compose CLI commands

# help 명령어 - 사용 가능한 docker-compose의 모든 명령어
$docker-compose --help

# background에서 실행하기
$docker-compose up -d

# logs 확인
$docker-compose logs

# ps 확인
$docker-compose ps
         Name                  Command          State         Ports
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
composesample2_proxy_1   nginx -g daemon off;   Up      0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp
composesample2_web_1     httpd-foreground       Up      80/tcp

$docker-compose top

composesample2_proxy_1
PID    USER   TIME                    COMMAND
---------------------------------------------------------------
2797   0      0:00   nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
3071   101    0:00   nginx: worker process

composesample2_web_1
PID    USER   TIME        COMMAND
---------------------------------------
2748   0      0:00   httpd -DFOREGROUND
2969   1      0:00   httpd -DFOREGROUND
2970   1      0:00   httpd -DFOREGROUND
2971   1      0:00   httpd -DFOREGROUND

# stop commands
$docker-compose down

Assignment: writing compose file

  • build docker-compose file: Drupal content management system website
  • use drupal image along with postgres image
  • use ports expose Drupal 8080
  • set POSTGRES_PASSWORD
  • using volumes to store Drupal unique data

Using compose to build

  • compose can build custom images
  • will build wtih docker-compose up: only build if not found in cache
  • rebuild with docker-compose build
  • Great for complex builds (lots of variable)

docker-compose.yml 파일

version: '2'

services:
	proxy:
		build:
			context: .
			# choose dockerfile you want to build
			dockerfile: nginx.Dockerfile
		# local cache에서 해당 image를 찾아서 없으면 위 dockerfile 이용해서 build
		# image를 적어 놓으면 만들어진 이미지가 해당 이름을 가짐
		image: nginx-custom
		ports:
			- '80:80'
	web:
		image: httpd
		volumes:
		  - ./html:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/

nginx.Dockerfile

FROM nginx:1.13

COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

이제 docker-compose up을 하면 cache에서 해당 이미지를 못찾고 build한 후 run을 실행함

$docker-compose up

# stop runuing with delete every image
$docker-compose down --rmi local

Assignment: Build and run compose

  • build custom drupal image for local setting

Dockerfile

FROM drupal:8.2

# install -y : 자동으로 yes
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y git \
	&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

WORKDIR /var/www/html/themes

# only clone specific branch: save time, space
RUN git clone --branch 8.x-3.x --single-branch --depth 1 https://git.drupal.org/project/bootstrap.git \
# docker only work with root
# so have to change permission
	&& chown -R www-data:www-data bootstrap

WORKDIR /var/www/html

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'

services:
    drupal:
        image: custom-drupal
		# shortcut to build from current dir
		build: .
        ports:
            - 8080:80
        volumes:
          - drupal-modules:/var/www/html/modules
          - drupal-profiles:/var/www/html/profiles
          - drupal-sites:/var/www/html/themes
          - drupal-themes:/var/www/html/sites
        restart: always
    postgres:
        image: postgres:9.6
        environment:
            # - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=tmfcks478
            POSTGRES_PASSWORD: tmfcks478
        restart: always
		volumes:
			- drupal-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
volumes:
	drupal-data:
	drupal-modules:
	drupal-profiles:
	drupal-themes:
	drupal-sites:

use docker-compose CLI

$docker-compose up

# 이후 drupal 기본 세팅을 한 뒤
# docker-compose up을 다시 실행해도 volumes의 설정들, db는 그대로 남아있는 것을 볼 수 있다.
$docker-compose down
$docker-compose up
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